BNS 2023 vs IPC 1860: Phase 7 Exhaustive Mapping (Sections 335-358)
BNS vs IPC ⚖️
Phase 7: Sections 335 to 358 (Full Final Mapping)
| IPC (1860) | Provision Description | BNS (2023) | Key Changes / New Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Currency, Bank-Notes & Coins | |||
| 489A-E | Counterfeiting Currency/Bank-notes | 335 | Consolidated definitions & punishments. |
| Forgery & Documents (Modernized) | |||
| 463, 464 | Definition of Forgery / False Document | 336(1) | Includes Electronic Records throughout. |
| 465 | Punishment for Forgery | 336(2) | Standardized punishment. |
| 466 | Forgery of Record of Court/Register | 337 | Specifically protects public registers. |
| 467 | Forgery of Valuable Security / Will | 338 | Higher penalty for critical documents. |
| 468 | Forgery for purpose of Cheating | 340(2) | Links forgery intent with fraud. |
| 469 | Forgery to harm Reputation | 341 | Protects person's standing from fakes. |
| 471 | Using forged document as genuine | 342 | Punished as if person forged it. |
| 474 | Possession of forged document (intent) | 343 | Crucial for preemptive enforcement. |
| 475-476 | Counterfeiting Marks/Seals | 344 | Merged offenses regarding fake seals. |
| 477A | Falsification of Accounts | 345 | Specific to clerks and servants. |
| Property Marks & Trademarks | |||
| 479-482 | False Property Marks | 346-348 | Streamlined for commercial fraud. |
| 483-489 | Counterfeiting Marks | 349-350 | Consolidated protection of marks. |
| Criminal Intimidation, Insult & Annoyance | |||
| 503, 506 | Criminal Intimidation | 351 | Consolidated definition and punishment. |
| 504 | Intentional Insult (Breach of Peace) | 352 | Addressing provocation and abuse. |
| 505 | Public Mischief Statements | 353 | Covers Fake News and alarmist rumors. |
| 508 | Divine Displeasure Inducement | 354 | Inducing belief of spiritual harm. |
| 510 | Drunken misconduct in public | 355 | Includes Community Service option. |
| Defamation & Final Provisions | |||
| 499, 500 | Defamation & Punishment | 356(2) | New: Simple imprisonment, fine, or Community Service. |
| 501 | Printing defamatory matter | 356(3) | Punishment for printing libels. |
| 502 | Sale of defamatory matter | 356(4) | Punishment for distributing libels. |
| N/A | Repeal and Savings | 358 | Repeals IPC 1860; protects existing actions. |
📊 Phase 7 Concluding Analysis
The final chapters of BNS solidify the reformative and modernized approach:
- Community Service (355, 356): A paradigm shift. Defamation and minor public nuisance no longer strictly require jail, allowing for social restitution.
- Digital Integration (336-345): Every forgery and account falsification section now explicitly covers "electronic records," removing ambiguity for cyber-crimes.
- Consolidation: By grouping intimidation, insults, and divine displeasure together, the code becomes more readable for practitioners.
⚡ Critical Final Mappings
Section 351: Replaces IPC 506 (Criminal Intimidation).
Section 356: Replaces IPC 500 (Defamation). Focus on Community Service.
Section 358: The formal "Death Certificate" of the IPC 1860.
Explore all phases and comparisons in the central directory:
⚖️ RETURN TO MASTER NAVIGATION HUBDetailed Comparison of BNS, BNSS & BSA